Valley of the queens

Introduction to the Valley of the Queens

Located on the west bank of the Nile, near the town of Luxor, the Valley of the Queens is one of the most fascinating archaeological sites in Egypt. This ancient burial ground was primarily used for the tombs of royal women, including queens, princesses, and royal children, who were buried during the New Kingdom (1550–1070 BCE). The valley is often overlooked in favor of the more famous Valley of the Kings, but it offers its own share of treasures, including well-preserved tombs and murals that provide a glimpse into the life and death of Egypt’s royal women. Check our daily tours offers!

Historical Significance

The Valley of the Queens was established during the 19th Dynasty of Egypt and remained in use for centuries. It became the final resting place for the wives and children of Egypt’s pharaohs, as well as some of their royal concubines. The site is most famous for the tombs of the queens of the 19th and 20th Dynasties, such as Nefertari, the beloved wife of Ramesses II.

One of the most notable tombs here is that of Nefertari, considered by many to be the most beautiful and luxurious tomb in all of Egypt. Her tomb, QV66, features vibrant, detailed murals depicting the queen in various scenes, including her journey into the afterlife. The tomb’s paintings are incredibly well-preserved, offering a unique glimpse into the grandeur of ancient Egyptian royal life. Check our Nile cruises offers!

Tombs and Burial Practices

The tombs in the Valley of the Queens are carved into the soft rock of the mountains, and they vary greatly in size and decoration. The tombs of queens and royal women were typically smaller than those of the pharaohs, but they were still richly decorated with mythological scenes and religious texts designed to help the deceased navigate the afterlife. The wall paintings depict the queen or princess in the presence of various gods and goddesses, often highlighting their role as divine intermediaries between the living and the gods.

The layout of the tombs generally follows the same pattern: they consist of a long entrance corridor, leading into a larger burial chamber, and sometimes smaller side rooms or niches where the deceased’s belongings were placed. Mummified remains were typically buried in sarcophagi that were placed in the burial chamber, along with offerings for the deceased. Check our daily travel packages offers!

Notable Tombs

Among the many tombs in the Valley of the Queens, a few stand out due to their incredible preservation and historical significance. Some of the most famous tombs include:

1. Tomb of Nefertari (QV66): The tomb of Nefertari, the wife of Ramesses II, is undoubtedly the most famous tomb in the valley. It is known for its beautifully preserved murals, which depict the queen’s journey through the afterlife and her interactions with Egyptian gods. Nefertari’s tomb is often considered the most magnificent in all of Egypt, with its vivid colors and stunning artwork.
2. Tomb of Queen Ti (QV44): Another notable tomb in the Valley of the Queens is the tomb of Queen Ti, the mother of Amenhotep II. This tomb features remarkable scenes of daily life and religious rituals, offering insight into the social and cultural practices of the time.
3. Tomb of Prince Amenherkhepshef (QV55): This tomb is unique because it belongs to a prince rather than a queen, showcasing the royal family’s burial practices for their children. The tomb features beautifully preserved paintings and inscriptions that provide insights into the life of a royal prince.

The Valley’s Role in Ancient Egyptian Beliefs

In ancient Egyptian culture, the burial of royalty was an important aspect of ensuring the smooth passage of the deceased to the afterlife. The Valley of the Queens reflects this belief system, with its tombs and elaborate artwork created to help the deceased navigate the journey after death. The decorations in these tombs, featuring gods and goddesses, as well as scenes of daily life and the afterlife, were believed to protect and guide the spirits of the deceased queens and royal children.

The tombs were not only sacred spaces for the royal women but were also places where their cult of worship was celebrated. The people believed that the queens could influence their spiritual journey in the afterlife, helping them achieve a blessed existence.

Visiting the Valley of the Queens

The Valley of the Queens is accessible from Luxor, which is located about 10 miles (16 kilometers) to the east. Visitors can explore the valley on foot, taking in the scenic views of the desert landscape and the tombs that dot the valley’s cliffs. Some tombs are open to the public, though others are closed for restoration or preservation efforts.

In addition to the tombs, visitors can also visit the Temple of Hatshepsut, which is located nearby. This mortuary temple of the famous female pharaoh is one of the most remarkable archaeological sites in Egypt and offers further insight into the role of women in ancient Egyptian history.

Visiting Information

• Location: West Bank of the Nile, Luxor
• Opening Status: Open daily; some tombs may be closed for restoration
• Tickets: Available at the site; additional fees may apply for specific tombs
• Facilities: Restrooms, small shops selling souvenirs, and some refreshments available
• Accessibility: The site involves some walking, and certain areas may be difficult for those with mobility challenges

Tips for Visitors

1. Wear comfortable shoes, as the valley requires walking and exploring the tombs can involve stairs or uneven ground.
2. Visit early in the morning or later in the afternoon to avoid the midday heat.
3. Take a guide or rent an audio guide to better understand the history and significance of each tomb.
4. Be mindful of the delicate tomb paintings and murals. Flash photography is typically not allowed.
5. Pair your visit with a trip to the nearby Valley of the Kings for a fuller experience of Egypt’s royal history.

Why Visit the Valley of the Queens?

The Valley of the Queens is a hidden gem in Egypt’s archaeological landscape. While it may not attract the same crowds as the Valley of the Kings, it offers a unique perspective on the lives of ancient Egyptian queens and their royal children. The tombs, with their stunning paintings and intricate carvings, provide an intimate glimpse into the beliefs, culture, and artistic achievements of the ancient Egyptians. For history enthusiasts and those fascinated by Egypt’s rich royal heritage, a visit to the Valley of the Queens is a must. Reserve now with Egypt trips package and check our travel packages, day tours and nile cruises special offers!